{"id":5646,"date":"2024-04-23T12:50:11","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T10:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/bunkers-strategiques-histoire-fonction\/"},"modified":"2024-11-11T21:57:41","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T20:57:41","slug":"strategic-bunkers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/","title":{"rendered":"Strategic bunkers: History and functions of military underground shelters"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Introduction_to_strategic_bunkers\" >Introduction to strategic bunkers<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Shelters_for_essential_services\" >Shelters for essential services<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Administrative_and_emergency_bunkers\" >Administrative and emergency bunkers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Headquarters_of_the_French_Forces_of_the_Interior_FFI\" >Headquarters of the French Forces of the Interior (FFI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Underground_factories_and_military_production\" >Underground factories and military production<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Introduction_to_V1_missiles\" >Introduction to V1 missiles<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#The_development_and_strategic_impact_of_the_V2_missile_during_World_War_II\" >The development and strategic impact of the V2 missile during World War II<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/en\/strategic-bunkers\/#Underground_Hospitals_A_strategic_refuge_in_times_of_war\" >Underground Hospitals: A strategic refuge in times of war<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_strategic_bunkers\"><\/span>Introduction to strategic bunkers<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Strategic bunkers are fortified underground structures designed to protect essential personnel, equipment, and operations in the event of conflict or disaster. These often secret facilities play a role in national defense and the continuity of vital services<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>.Developed primarily during the 20th century in response to growing threats from aerial bombardment and nuclear weapons, strategic bunkers have evolved to meet various military, governmental, and civilian needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From World War II to the Cold War, these underground structures housed command posts, communication centers, military production factories, and even hospitals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shelters_for_essential_services\"><\/span><strong>Shelters for essential services<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to ensure operational service under all circumstances during crisis periods, certain bunkers were set up, allowing for the maintenance of telecommunications or electricity management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The EDF &#8220;Aboukir&#8221; Electric Center<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The EDF Aboukir Electric Center is an industrial site built in 1926 by the Paris Electricity Distribution Company (CPDE), which was later merged with \u00c9lectricit\u00e9 de France (EDF). It was equipped with steam turbines to produce electricity from coal for the city of Paris even in times of conflict, hence the construction of this small bunker<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"xr-spatial-tracking; gyroscope; accelerometer\" allowfullscreen scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/kuula.co\/share\/collection\/7F07z?logo=1&#038;info=0&#038;logosize=200&#038;fs=1&#038;vr=1&#038;zoom=1&#038;gyro=0&#038;initload=0&#038;autorotate=0.06&#038;thumbs=3&#038;inst=fr\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gare de l&#8217;Est (see <a href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/visite-virtuelle-du-bunker-de-la-gare-de-lest-paris\/\">virtual tour<\/a>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Origin and occupation of the shelter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Specially built to face aerial attacks, particularly the gases that raged during World War I and strongly marked public authorities, this place was first occupied by military personnel and railway workers. Under the Occupation, they were replaced by German management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Function and classification of the installation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The function of this shelter was to house an essential railway activity for operations: command and traffic regulation for the entire Eastern region on one hand, and in all the station tracks on the other. The term bunker is actually improper since it is not fortified. This is an &#8220;active&#8221; shelter. Ordered in April 1939 by military authorities, it was completed in November 1941.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Configuration and equipment of the shelter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The underground maze then includes eleven rooms, each with a specific function. On one side, the two rooms reserved for command, and the four rooms dedicated to train regulation; on the other, the three rooms that give them the means to function: energy, blower, telephone exchange, preceded by an antechamber for the supervisor. A generator set, batteries, and accumulators were installed so that 50 people could work and breathe for 10 hours in the shelter, without replacing the ambient air. But also, to replace this equipment, stationary bicycles were provided to produce the electricity necessary for ventilation and air filtering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mystery about actual use and date of conservation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A gray area remains about its actual use. Besides the perfect condition of the installations, no testimony has reached us, no graffiti or signs of wear. The German inscriptions show that the occupiers had prepared it for their use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Unique historical value<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>After the dismantling of similar shelters in Paris stations, the shelter at Paris-Est station is a unique witness site.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-c0c2b77a vp-id-FGU4r\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"tiles\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-tiles-type=\"3|1,1|\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items vp-portfolio__items-style-fade vp-portfolio__items-show-overlay-hover\">\n\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-27a2de28\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1920x1518.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1920x1518.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1024x810.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-768x607.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1536x1215.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-2048x1620.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-500x395.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-800x633.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1280x1012.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1518\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-800x633.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x633\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-500x395.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x395\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Entr\u00e9e du bunker de la gare de l&#8217;Est<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1920x1518.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Entr\u00e9e du bunker de la gare de l&#039;Est\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1518\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1920x1518.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-2903\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1920x1518.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1024x810.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-768x607.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-1536x1215.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9503-2048x1620.jpg 2048w, 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class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">V\u00e9los permettant de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer de l&#8217;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 pour alimenter l&#8217;abri<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9509-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"V\u00e9los permettant de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer de l&#039;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 pour alimenter l&#039;abri\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9509-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-2908\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9509-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9509-300x200.jpg 300w, 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l&#8217;abri<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-ad1a193c\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9553-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, 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data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-500x750.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-800x1200.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1280x1920.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-scaled.jpg 1707w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x2880\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-800x1200.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x1200\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-500x750.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x750\">\n\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Open image\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-2914\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, 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src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-2914 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyODgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAyODgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-500x750.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-800x1200.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1280x1920.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-scaled.jpg 1707w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/EOSR9556-1920x2880.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Open image\" \t>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Orange shelter (Saint-Amand)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Origin and initial function of the Saint-Amand shelter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>First designed as an amplification center for long-distance underground lines, particularly to ensure communications between Paris and Strasbourg as well as Paris and Metz, these lines were of crucial importance for communication with eastern cities and the Maginot Line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Military reassignment and use (1960-2000)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>From 1960 until the 2000s, it was reassigned as a military telegraph and telephone center, ensuring all routing operations for telegraph communications of the army, ministries, intelligence services, and NATO. For this purpose, this shelter, built on three floors, was equipped for the comfort of officers in case of prolonged alert, with rest rooms and dormitories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abandonment and obsolescence of the shelter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Since then, the Saint-Amand shelter has fallen into oblivion due to the significant presence of asbestos in the premises, combined with the obsolescence of telegraph and wired telephone lines. Moreover, the privatization of France T\u00e9l\u00e9com and the sale of the plot led to the relocation of the facilities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio alignwide\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-eaa92911 vp-id-czmwG\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"tiles\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-tiles-type=\"2|1,1.34|\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" 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data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Embl\u00e8me peint repr\u00e9sentant le 8e r\u00e9giment de transmissions<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Embl\u00e8me peint repr\u00e9sentant le 8e r\u00e9giment de transmissions\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3595\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, 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src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3595 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/img_0842-2_45939128465_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, 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class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tEmbl\u00e8me peint repr\u00e9sentant le 8e r\u00e9giment de transmissions<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Administrative_and_emergency_bunkers\"><\/span><strong>Administrative and emergency bunkers<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emergency bunkers in capitals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the category of emergency bunkers, many bunkers can be found in capitals, located under strategic buildings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Secret Bunker under parliament<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This once-secret anti-nuclear bunker, located 50 meters underground, was under a Parliament. Its objective was to secure leaders and its committee in case of a potential nuclear raid. Once the danger had passed, they were supposed to take the metro to a station, then change for an armored train. This underground structure was built by workers who thought they were creating a metro tunnel, so they couldn&#8217;t disclose that it would become a secret bunker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Characteristics and equipment of shelter H4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The shelter could accommodate 2,200 people, with an area of 3,500 to 3,800 square meters, and was completed in 1962 or 1963. It was equipped with an air filtration mechanism with a capacity of 4,000 cubic meters, adapted to filter radioactive dust. 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loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769317_3d92de3285_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Open image\" \t>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-26b16a94\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, 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data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Porte de l&#8217;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&#8217;abri, situ\u00e9 50 m\u00e8tres sous terre<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Porte de l&#039;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&#039;abri, situ\u00e9 50 m\u00e8tres sous terre\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3511\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53449769607_dab41b1660_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, 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class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tPorte de l&#8217;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&#8217;abri, situ\u00e9 50 m\u00e8tres sous terre<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Headquarters_of_the_French_Forces_of_the_Interior_FFI\"><\/span><strong>Headquarters of the French Forces of the Interior (FFI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The PC Rol Tanguy: the secret bunker of the Parisian resistance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Initially designed as a passive defense shelter, this underground bunker was reused by Colonel Rol-Tanguy as the Resistance Command Post on August 20, 1944, at the beginning of the popular insurrection against the Nazi occupier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The discovery of the catacombs<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1943, Ren\u00e9 Suttel, a medical student, discovered an access to the catacombs via a staircase at Saint-Anne Hospital, connecting the shelter to the famous Paris quarries. With his friend Jean Talairach, he mapped the galleries, exploring the surroundings of German shelters to determine their limits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A strategic asset for the resistance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Their clandestine work revealed the strategic potential of this shelter. 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data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" 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src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3931 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0104-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, 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1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Bureau du Directeur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral FFI<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Bureau du Directeur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral FFI\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3929\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3929 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0101-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Bureau du Directeur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral FFI\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tBureau du Directeur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral FFI<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-7d5a7897\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-500x750.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-800x1200.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1280x1920.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-scaled.jpg 1707w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x2880\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-800x1200.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x1200\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-500x750.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x750\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Sortie<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Sortie\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3928\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-500x750.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-800x1200.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1280x1920.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3928 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyODgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAyODgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-500x750.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-800x1200.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1280x1920.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-scaled.jpg 1707w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR0100-1920x2880.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Sortie\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tSortie<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Underground_factories_and_military_production\"><\/span>Underground factories and military production<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:8px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aeronautical industrial venter: Center V<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As early as 1936, the Ministry of Air became interested in the potential of the Cravant site. A vast aeronautical project entitled &#8220;Center V&#8221; was imagined by engineers to transform the plain and quarries into an industrial site sheltered from bombs. The beneficiary was the National Society of Aeronautical Constructions of South East: SNCASE. It was to occupy the site to assemble the modern medium bomber that France so badly needed, the &#8220;LeO45&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">An unfinished project in the face of german invasion<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, these major works only began with the declaration of war in September 1939, and despite the efforts of the builders, no structure was completed at the time of the German invasion in June 1940. &#8220;Center V&#8221; was supposed to produce parts and assemble the bomber.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">German occupation and aircraft repair<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The Germans nevertheless took possession of the premises in October 1943 to occupy them until August 1944. More than 160 aircraft would be repaired in the underground quarries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vestiges of the occupation and their disappearance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The occupants left behind a considerable number of aircraft carcasses, including slightly more than 120 fuselages and about 150 wings, which transformed the underground quarry into an apocalyptic landscape, strewn with scattered aircraft parts. However, nowadays, nothing remains of all this, as successive users have completely erased all traces of these vestiges.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-5f17202c vp-id-25aJ4T\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"tiles\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-tiles-type=\"3|1,1|\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items 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sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1379\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51823453800_d859f262a8_k-1920x1379.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3517 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMzc5IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMzc5IiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51823453800_d859f262a8_k-1920x1379.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51823453800_d859f262a8_k-1920x1379.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51823453800_d859f262a8_k-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51823453800_d859f262a8_k-1024x736.jpg 1024w, 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\t>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-620dfb80\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k.jpg 2048w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Interdit de fumer<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Interdit de fumer\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3518\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, 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data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822732751_06e3c22370_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Interdit de fumer\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tInterdit de fumer<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_V1_missiles\"><\/span>Introduction to V1 missiles<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V1 missiles, also known as Vergeltungswaffe 1 (or Vengeance Weapon 1) or &#8220;buzz bombs,&#8221; were developed by Nazi Germany during World War II. These missiles, propelled by a jet engine, were designed to strike strategic targets at long range, mainly enemy cities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Use of underground sites for V1 missiles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Underground sites were frequently requisitioned to make V1 missile factories. These tunnels served as launch ramps for V1s, offering a number of tactical advantages to German forces. First, the underground offered protection against Allied bombing, allowing missiles to be stored and launched safely. Additionally, they allowed for discreet and rapid launching of missiles, thus reducing the chances of detection by Allied forces.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-b11c5c86 vp-id-Z2wUDJ9\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"slider\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-slider-effect=\"slide\" data-vp-slider-items-height=\"50%\" data-vp-slider-items-min-height=\"200\" data-vp-slider-slides-per-view=\"1\" data-vp-slider-speed=\"0.1\" data-vp-slider-autoplay=\"60\" data-vp-slider-autoplay-hover-pause=\"false\" data-vp-slider-centered-slides=\"false\" data-vp-slider-loop=\"false\" data-vp-slider-free-mode=\"false\" data-vp-slider-free-mode-sticky=\"false\" data-vp-slider-arrows=\"false\" data-vp-slider-bullets=\"false\" data-vp-slider-bullets-dynamic=\"false\" data-vp-slider-mousewheel=\"false\" data-vp-slider-thumbnails=\"false\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items vp-portfolio__items-style-fade vp-portfolio__items-show-overlay-hover\">\n\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-f81841fe\" data-vp-filter=\"\" style=\"--vp-images__object-position: 45% 61%;\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Rampe de lancement de missile V2<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-description\">Le d\u00e9part s&#8217;effectuait depuis les galeries souterraines<\/div>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Rampe de lancement de missile V2\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3512\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3512 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/EOSR1568-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Rampe de lancement de missile V2\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tRampe de lancement de missile V2<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Cannerberg tunnels: an assembly factory<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 1940s, Nazi occupation forces took possession of the Cannerberg tunnels (Netherlands) dating from medieval times. These tunnels would then be used to establish an assembly plant for V1-type missiles. During the Ardennes offensive, German forces were driven from the site, and the military evacuated, thus allowing the armed command of American forces to take control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conversion of the site into an american control post<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>After World War II, and especially with the advent of the Cold War, American forces installed a control post on the site in 1949. The command favorably evaluated the existing facilities, also noting that access roads were already concreted and electricity was in place. Due to its isolated location, the site was deemed ideal and the quarry was then transformed into a bunker. Development work began in 1956, and the site was classified top-secret.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Transformation of galleries into military infrastructure<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This transformation led to a profound metamorphosis of all the galleries. A real underground city emerged, notably with the concreting of certain galleries, particularly near the main entrance. Access was strictly controlled, and various military infrastructures were erected: command post, machine room, telephone room, tanks, kitchen, infirmary, toilets and showers, bar, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disappearance of traces of the medieval past<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>During this installation phase, all the walls of the quarry were scrupulously scraped, resulting in the total disappearance of the medieval inscriptions that were there. Directional signage was then installed, and the main axes were transformed into streets, bearing names such as Alphastreet, Bravostreet, Golfstreet, Foxtrotstreet, etc&#8230; (see <a href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/visite-virtuelle-de-la-base-souterraine-de-lotan\/\">virtual tour<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-09de3461 vp-id-Z1dHccl\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"tiles\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-tiles-type=\"3|1,1|\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items vp-portfolio__items-style-fade vp-portfolio__items-show-overlay-hover\">\n\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-33e0fb23\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, 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srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3528 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg 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https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52941113268_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Centrale \u00e9lectrique souterraine\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tCentrale \u00e9lectrique souterraine<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-19406be0\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Centre de commandement<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Centre de commandement\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3530\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940052602_o-768x512.jpg 768w, 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class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Porte blind\u00e9e permettant d&#039;acc\u00e9der au bunker\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3522\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3522 vp-lazyload\" alt 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https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/porte-blindax_52940052057_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Porte blind\u00e9e permettant d&#039;acc\u00e9der au bunker\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tPorte blind\u00e9e permettant d&#8217;acc\u00e9der au 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class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Centre de commandement\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3531\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, 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srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centre-de-commandement_52940652001_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Centre de commandement\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tCentre de commandement<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-6bbf69c2\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-768x512.png 768w, 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data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Centrale \u00e9lectrique<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Centrale \u00e9lectrique\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png\" class=\"wp-image-3527\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-2048x1365.png 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-500x333.png 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-800x533.png 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1280x853.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png\" class=\"wp-image-3527 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-2048x1365.png 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-500x333.png 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-800x533.png 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1280x853.png 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/centrale-lectrique-souterraine_52940800184_o-1920x1280.png\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Centrale \u00e9lectrique\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tCentrale \u00e9lectrique<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_development_and_strategic_impact_of_the_V2_missile_during_World_War_II\"><\/span>The development and strategic impact of the V2 missile during World War II<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The development of the V2 missile: a german retaliatory weapon<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>All over northern France, the Germans undertook to manufacture and store the A4 V2 missile. This rocket had a range of 300 km, with an accuracy of 8 km. The propellant that powers it operates on alcohol with liquid oxygen as an oxidizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Origins and characteristics of the V2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Following the first German defeats, Hitler initiated on December 22, 1942, the industrial production program of the A4 rocket, which was then renamed V2. This name is the abbreviation of &#8220;Vergeltungsawaffe 2&#8221;, which means: &#8220;Retaliatory Weapon No. 2&#8221;. The choice of this weapon, rather than another, comes from the fact that the rocket could not be countered by any other. Moreover, it can be fired from mobile launch sites that are difficult to locate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00a0Strategic objectives and implementation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The objective was to bomb London and prevent the Allied landing in Normandy, but it was operational too late. The Todt organization took charge of this plan to construct special concrete structures (&#8220;Sonderbauten&#8221;) intended to produce the rockets. It was decided to create 2 types of structures: assembly and storage factories as well as liquid oxygen production plants. This gas was intended to be used as an oxidizer for the German V2 rocket.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The transition from V1 to V2: A technological evolution<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The transition from V1 to V2 missiles during World War II was motivated by the improvement of German propulsion technologies and military capabilities. V2 missiles offered greater range, improved accuracy, and higher speed compared to their predecessors. This evolution represented a significant leap in missile technology, paving the way for future developments in long-range ballistic missiles.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-4eaec85e vp-id-ZCMo5c\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"tiles\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-tiles-type=\"3|1,1|\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items vp-portfolio__items-style-fade vp-portfolio__items-show-overlay-hover\">\n\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-7ca16de4\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k.jpg 2048w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Gare souterraine<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-description\">Dans la carri\u00e8re Hennocque, la proximit\u00e9 des voies ferr\u00e9es a incit\u00e9 les Allemands \u00e0 choisir cet endroit comme lieu de stockage des missiles V2, \u00e9galement connus sous le nom de Vergeltungswaffe 2, qui repr\u00e9sentaient les premiers pas vers les missiles balistiques et les prototypes des lanceurs spatiaux. Pour ce faire, l&#8217;arm\u00e9e allemande a entrepris l&#8217;am\u00e9nagement de galeries sp\u00e9cifiques, les renfor\u00e7ant pour r\u00e9sister aux bombardements. 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vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828617_71f6d55342_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Gare souterraine\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tGare souterraine<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-64379fa5\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k.jpg 2048w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Galeries lourdement consolid\u00e9es pour supporter les bombardements<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div 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data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49636828167_65287989a8_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Galeries lourdement consolid\u00e9es pour supporter les bombardements\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tGaleries lourdement consolid\u00e9es pour supporter les bombardements<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-71660e12\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg 1870w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-274x300.jpg 274w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-935x1024.jpg 935w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-768x841.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-1403x1536.jpg 1403w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-500x548.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-800x876.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-1280x1402.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1870x2048\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-800x876.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x876\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-500x548.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x548\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, cette carri\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e  par les Allemands, dans le but d&#8217;y \u00e9riger une usine pour la production d&#8217;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide. Ce gaz \u00e9tait pr\u00e9vu pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme comburant pour la fus\u00e9e allemande V2, destin\u00e9e \u00e0 bombarder Londres. L&#8217;usine, construite en b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9, mesure 211 m\u00e8tres de long sur 12 m\u00e8tres de large, avec une hauteur d&#8217;environ 10 m\u00e8tres. Malgr\u00e9 cela, l&#8217;usine n&#8217;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle, le projet \u00e9tant abandonn\u00e9 en juillet 1944 \u00e0 cause de l&#8217;avanc\u00e9e des Alli\u00e9s.<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, cette carri\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e  par les Allemands, dans le but d&#039;y \u00e9riger une usine pour la production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide. Ce gaz \u00e9tait pr\u00e9vu pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme comburant pour la fus\u00e9e allemande V2, destin\u00e9e \u00e0 bombarder Londres. L&#039;usine, construite en b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9, mesure 211 m\u00e8tres de long sur 12 m\u00e8tres de large, avec une hauteur d&#039;environ 10 m\u00e8tres. Malgr\u00e9 cela, l&#039;usine n&#039;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle, le projet \u00e9tant abandonn\u00e9 en juillet 1944 \u00e0 cause de l&#039;avanc\u00e9e des Alli\u00e9s.\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1870\" height=\"2048\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3559\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg 1870w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-274x300.jpg 274w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-935x1024.jpg 935w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-768x841.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-1403x1536.jpg 1403w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-500x548.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-800x876.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-1280x1402.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1870px) 100vw, 1870px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1870\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3559 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTg3MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyMDQ4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTg3MCAyMDQ4IiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg 1870w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-274x300.jpg 274w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-935x1024.jpg 935w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-768x841.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-1403x1536.jpg 1403w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-500x548.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-800x876.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k-1280x1402.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472152562_6fdb2af0a4_k.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, cette carri\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e  par les Allemands, dans le but d&#039;y \u00e9riger une usine pour la production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide. Ce gaz \u00e9tait pr\u00e9vu pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme comburant pour la fus\u00e9e allemande V2, destin\u00e9e \u00e0 bombarder Londres. L&#039;usine, construite en b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9, mesure 211 m\u00e8tres de long sur 12 m\u00e8tres de large, avec une hauteur d&#039;environ 10 m\u00e8tres. Malgr\u00e9 cela, l&#039;usine n&#039;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle, le projet \u00e9tant abandonn\u00e9 en juillet 1944 \u00e0 cause de l&#039;avanc\u00e9e des Alli\u00e9s.\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tPendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, cette carri\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e  par les Allemands, dans le but d&#8217;y \u00e9riger une usine pour la production d&#8217;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide. Ce gaz \u00e9tait pr\u00e9vu pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme comburant pour la fus\u00e9e allemande V2, destin\u00e9e \u00e0 bombarder Londres. L&#8217;usine, construite en b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9, mesure 211 m\u00e8tres de long sur 12 m\u00e8tres de large, avec une hauteur d&#8217;environ 10 m\u00e8tres. Malgr\u00e9 cela, l&#8217;usine n&#8217;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle, le projet \u00e9tant abandonn\u00e9 en juillet 1944 \u00e0 cause de l&#8217;avanc\u00e9e des Alli\u00e9s.<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-69f0fc53\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k-768x1152.jpg 768w, 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class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Usine de production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1365\" height=\"2048\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3561\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k-768x1152.jpg 768w, 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vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/48472010826_9ae3492b30_k.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Usine de production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tUsine de production d&#8217;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-3539f942\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, 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src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3584\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3584 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548029_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Usine de production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tUsine de production d&#8217;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-7f5ee064\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Usine de production d&#8217;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Usine de production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3585\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3585 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/bassin-eau_51398548949_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Usine de production d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tUsine de production d&#8217;oxyg\u00e8ne liquide<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">The strategic evolution of Cherbourg&#8217;s underground: from torpedo storage to the Cold War<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Construction of the underground for torpedo storage (1933-1939)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The excavation of an underground facility began in 1933 to house a torpedo storage depot for <strong>submarines <\/strong>based in Cherbourg. After <strong>four years of work<\/strong>, the site was completed: along a <strong>central gallery of 98 meters<\/strong>, eight lateral alcoves were dug to accommodate <a href=\"https:\/\/imagesdefense.gouv.fr\/fr\/couloir-circulaire-desservant-les-alveoles-du-magasin-de-munitions-souterrain-dit-souterrain-du-roule-a-cherbourg-dans-lequel-sont-entreposees-des-torpilles.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">torpedoes<\/a> and test their watertightness. The workers had just enough time to settle in before the outbreak of World War II.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>German occupation and expansion (1940)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>On<strong> June 19, 1940<\/strong>, despite valiant resistance, the fort overlooking the Mountain and its underground facilities had to lower its flag to the Germans. Convinced of its strategic utility, they dug an additional gallery and four batteries, each housing a 105 mm cannon with a range of 15 kilometers, all connected by a command post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Liberation by the allies (1944)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Four years later, almost to the day, the <strong>military installations<\/strong> were <strong>captured by the Allies<\/strong>. The assault by the 313th Infantry Regiment of the American Army ended in hand-to-hand combat. Losses were very heavy on both sides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Use during the Cold War<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the <strong>Cold War<\/strong>, the underground facility retained its purpose. It was also planned that in the event of armed conflict or exercises, the admiral commanding the maritime district would establish his command post there. In the <strong>command room<\/strong>, there was no red button to trigger a nuclear attack, nor even a presidential chair. But there were <strong>giant maps<\/strong> on the walls, <strong>armored doors<\/strong>, and an <strong>evacuation airlock<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-cd11312a vp-id-282QiY\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"slider\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-slider-effect=\"slide\" data-vp-slider-items-height=\"50%\" data-vp-slider-items-min-height=\"\" data-vp-slider-slides-per-view=\"1\" data-vp-slider-speed=\"0.1\" data-vp-slider-autoplay=\"60\" data-vp-slider-autoplay-hover-pause=\"false\" data-vp-slider-centered-slides=\"false\" data-vp-slider-loop=\"false\" data-vp-slider-free-mode=\"false\" data-vp-slider-free-mode-sticky=\"false\" data-vp-slider-arrows=\"true\" data-vp-slider-bullets=\"false\" data-vp-slider-bullets-dynamic=\"false\" 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srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3513 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/souterrain-500x333.jpg 500w, 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width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-1920x1440.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3565 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxNDQwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxNDQwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-1920x1440.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sout-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, 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aria-label=\"Previous Slide\">\n\t\n<svg class=\"vp-svg-icon\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t<path d=\"M12 4L6 10L12 16\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" fill=\"transparent\" \/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-arrow vp-portfolio__items-arrow-next\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Next Slide\">\n\t\n<svg class=\"vp-svg-icon\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t<path d=\"M8 4L14 10L8 16\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" fill=\"transparent\" \/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">Storage tank<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Many storage tanks for fuel oil or chemical products intended for the manufacture of missiles and weapons are also found in various military projects.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-f81b9907 vp-id-lAiuw\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"grid\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-grid-columns=\"2\" data-vp-grid-images-aspect-ratio=\"3:2\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items vp-portfolio__items-style-fade vp-portfolio__items-show-overlay-hover\">\n\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-117be4cb\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, 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Lors de la destruction de l&#8217;usine par les sovi\u00e9tiques, les cuves furent r\u00e9utilis\u00e9es pour stocker des produits p\u00e9troliers. Ces installations \u00e9taient principalement utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 des fins strat\u00e9giques, notamment pour garantir l&#8217;approvisionnement en carburant en cas de conflit ou de perturbations de l&#8217;approvisionnement.\n\nCes cuves \u00e9taient r\u00e9parties dans toute la r\u00e9gion, surtout \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de sites industriels importants et de points strat\u00e9giques. Elles \u00e9taient souvent situ\u00e9es dans des installations souterraines s\u00e9curis\u00e9es pour les prot\u00e9ger des attaques a\u00e9riennes.<\/div>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Cuve de stockage allemande\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3514\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, 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(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3514 vp-lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTkyMCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTkyMCAxMjgwIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1280x853.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-allemande_53133156474_o-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Cuve de stockage allemande\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tCuve de stockage allemande<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-5b1cfded\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1920x1397.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1920x1397.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1024x745.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-768x559.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1536x1117.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-2048x1490.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-500x364.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-800x582.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1280x931.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1397\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-800x582.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x582\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-500x364.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x364\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Immense cuve souterraine de stockage de carburant destin\u00e9 aux forces a\u00e9riennes et terrestre de l&#8217;arm\u00e9e populaire de la RDA.<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div 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https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-768x559.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1536x1117.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-2048x1490.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-500x364.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-800x582.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1280x931.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cuve-de-stockage-pour-matriel-explosif_53135369731_o-1920x1397.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Immense cuve souterraine de stockage de carburant destin\u00e9 aux forces a\u00e9riennes et terrestre de l&#039;arm\u00e9e populaire de la RDA.\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tImmense cuve souterraine de stockage de carburant destin\u00e9 aux forces a\u00e9riennes et terrestre de l&#8217;arm\u00e9e populaire de la RDA.<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-3e2798d5\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1.jpg 2048w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">L&#8217;un des 8 r\u00e9servoir de stockage de fioul<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-description\">Cela servait de lieu de stockage pour le fuel destin\u00e9 aux navires du port militaire.<\/div>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div 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data-src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1920x1280.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/51822868372_b6d50b57cc_k-1-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"L&#039;un des 8 r\u00e9servoir de stockage de fioul\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tL&#8217;un des 8 r\u00e9servoir de stockage de fioul<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-1a5c8024\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k.jpg 2048w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Ancienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-description\">Souterrain de la citadelle de Bourg<\/div>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Ancienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3539\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-500x333.jpg 500w, 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vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/52132710356_90afed6369_k-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Ancienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tAncienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-dc5a5c77\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1920x1349.jpg\" 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https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-500x351.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-800x562.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1280x899.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1349\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-800x562.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x562\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-500x351.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x351\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Ancienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands <\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-description\">Souterrain de la citadelle de Bourg<\/div>\n\t\t<\/template>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"vp-portfolio__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img-wrap\">\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-img\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1920x1349.jpg\"\n\t\taria-label=\"Ancienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1349\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1920x1349.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-3582\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1920x1349.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1024x720.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-768x540.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1536x1079.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-2048x1439.jpg 2048w, 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https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-2048x1439.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-500x351.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-800x562.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1280x899.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ancienne-cuve-de-fioul-dtruite-par-les-allemands-7m-de-haut_52132951989_o-1920x1349.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Ancienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tAncienne cuve de fioul construite par les allemands <\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">Turbine production factory for warplanes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:1vw\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2656d967 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:32%\">\n<div style=\"height:42px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\">Allied bombing and Hitler&#8217;s response<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1943, American and British forces launched a successful bombing campaign against Nazi Germany&#8217;s factories. Facing this threat, Hitler ordered the relocation of factories underground to secret locations to maintain vital war production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The underground construction project<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">A hill in Germany was selected for the construction of tunnels covering an area of 452,000 to 645,800 square feet. Work began in April 1944, involving a large German construction company specialized in underground structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Construction started in April 1944, involving a major German construction company specialized in building underground structures, such as sewer systems and underground railways. Founded in 1890, this company had played a crucial role in rebuilding Germany after World War I and had contributed to job creation in the construction sector before the war.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div style=\"height:37px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio alignwide\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-bea6cafc vp-id-235bia\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"slider\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-slider-effect=\"slide\" data-vp-slider-items-height=\"80%\" data-vp-slider-items-min-height=\"\" data-vp-slider-slides-per-view=\"1\" data-vp-slider-speed=\"0.3\" data-vp-slider-autoplay=\"10.4\" 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tunnels\" \t>\n\t\n\t\t<noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" data-skip-lazy src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-1920x1280.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-1916\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-800x533.jpg 800w, 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vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/longs-tunnels-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"longs tunnels\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tlongs tunnels<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"vp-portfolio__item-wrap vp-portfolio__item-uid-51a1d7fe\" data-vp-filter=\"\" \t\t>\n\t\t\t<template class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup\" data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-1920x1280.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee.jpg 2048w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1920x1280\" data-vp-popup-md-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-800x533.jpg\" data-vp-popup-md-img-size=\"800x533\" data-vp-popup-sm-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-500x333.jpg\" data-vp-popup-sm-img-size=\"500x333\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-popup-title\">Salle 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data-sizes=\"auto\" loading=\"eager\">\n\t\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<figcaption class=\"vp-portfolio__item-overlay vp-portfolio__item-overlay-text-align-bottom-center\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-wrap vp-portfolio__custom-scrollbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\thref=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Salle-desafectee-1920x1280.jpg\"\n\t\ttabindex=\"-1\" class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta\" aria-label=\"Salle d\u00e9safect\u00e9e\" \t>\n\t\n<h4 class=\"vp-portfolio__item-meta-title\">\n\tSalle d\u00e9safect\u00e9e<\/h4>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-arrow vp-portfolio__items-arrow-prev\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Previous Slide\">\n\t\n<svg class=\"vp-svg-icon\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t<path d=\"M12 4L6 10L12 16\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" fill=\"transparent\" \/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-arrow vp-portfolio__items-arrow-next\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Next Slide\">\n\t\n<svg class=\"vp-svg-icon\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t<path d=\"M8 4L14 10L8 16\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" fill=\"transparent\" \/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exploitation of forced labor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The nearby Nazi concentration camp provided slave labor for the work. This project cost the lives of approximately 4,500 slave workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Project scale and purpose<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>By the end of the war, about 8 miles of tunnels had been dug to house a factory producing turbine parts for warplanes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Liberation and rescue<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On April 11, 1945, the tunnels and camp were liberated by the American army, and nearly a thousand prisoners were rescued from the concentration camp.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-724a882f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:69%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Quai-de-dechargement-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Advanced supply depot<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33%\">\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>After World War II, the bunkers, initially intended to be demolished by the Red Army, were preserved for future use. In the 1970s, the East German army significantly expanded these tunnels to create an advanced supply depot. Stocked with tons of ammunition and equipment, the tunnels could distribute their supplies within 24 hours thanks to an efficient loading system.After reunification, the national army of the Federal Republic of Germany took over the tunnels, removing all munitions for safety reasons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Underground_Hospitals_A_strategic_refuge_in_times_of_war\"><\/span><strong>Underground Hospitals: A strategic refuge in times of war<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:7px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.memoire-et-fortifications.fr\/fortifications\/les-fortifications-allemandes\/les-cavites-du-val-criquet-l-hopital-allemand-de-fecamp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Val Criquet<\/a> <strong>Hospital<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Enhanced protection and security<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Underground hospitals offer unparalleled protection against aerial attacks and bombings during wartime. Built underground, these medical facilities withstand explosions and debris, ensuring the safety of patients and healthcare staff in the most dangerous situations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>State-of-the-Art equipment for ptimal care<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>These structures are equipped with advanced ventilation, air filtration, and water purification systems, guaranteeing a high-quality sanitary environment. Energy autonomy is ensured through backup generators and strategic reserves, allowing continuous operation even in the event of essential service outages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Resilience in the face of crises<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En p\u00e9riode de conflit, les h\u00f4pitaux souterrains constituent un refuge s\u00fbr pour dispenser des soins d&#8217;urgence vitaux<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/bunker\/\"><\/a>.&nbsp;Leur conception robuste et leur \u00e9quipement sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 en font des centres m\u00e9dicaux cruciaux lorsque les infrastructures de surface sont menac\u00e9es ou satur\u00e9es<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/bunker\/\"><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A model of medical adaptation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The innovation of underground hospitals demonstrates the medical sector&#8217;s adaptability in response to modern security challenges. These facilities represent a significant advancement in healthcare infrastructure during crises.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual-portfolio\">\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio vp-uid-2c97ca67 vp-id-ZAEWVH\"\n\tdata-vp-layout=\"tiles\" data-vp-content-source=\"images\" data-vp-items-style=\"fade\" data-vp-items-click-action=\"popup_gallery\" data-vp-items-gap=\"15\" data-vp-items-gap-vertical=\"\" data-vp-pagination=\"load-more\" data-vp-next-page-url=\"\" data-vp-tiles-type=\"2|1,1.34|\" >\n\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__preloader\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/visual-portfolio\/assets\/images\/logo-dark.svg\" alt=\"Visual Portfolio, Posts &amp; Image Gallery for WordPress\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" data-skip-lazy>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"vp-portfolio__items vp-portfolio__items-style-fade 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data-vp-popup-img=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1.jpg\" data-vp-popup-img-srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-500x667.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-800x1067.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-1280x1707.jpg 1280w\" data-vp-popup-img-size=\"1536x2048\" 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class=\"wp-image-3523\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-500x667.jpg 500w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-800x1067.jpg 800w, https:\/\/subterranologie.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/49981104946_6f16a5b91b_k-1-1280x1707.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"2048\" 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