Strategic bunkers: History and functions of military underground shelters
Introduction to strategic bunkers Strategic bunkers are fortified underground structures designed to protect essential personnel, equipment, and operations in the event of conflict or disaster. These often secret facilities play…
The underground quarries of Paris
The history of underground quarries in Paris goes back centuries. These quarries were exploited to provide the building materials needed for the city's growth. However, these exploitations often had disastrous…
Groundwater management
Groundwater is more than just a resource for mining and quarrying; it is also a crucial element in the architectural beauty of existing structures. In the underground world of mining…
Wells and access
Service wells with steps or ladders The plates to access them are heavy and dangerous to handle, it is easy to lose your fingers. They allow the ventilation of the…
Passive defense shelters
Passive defense shelters are structures designed to provide protection against external hazards such as bombing and nuclear, biological or chemical threats. Their primary function is to provide a safe haven…
Crypts and ossuaries
Introduction Crypts and ossuaries, silent witnesses of human history and spirituality, offer a fascinating journey through time and culture. These underground places, full of mystery and symbolism, tell the story…
Basement consolidation
Consolidation methods Consolidations are used to stabilize voids and allow the construction of surface structures. They can be carried out using different techniques, such as hedges and tamping, arm pillars,…
Extraction of underground quarry materials
The word "quarry" comes from the Latin quadrus which is a shortening of quadrus lapis, which term means "square stone", in other words "cut stone". Unlike mines where so-called strategic…
Transporting stone in underground quarries
Evolution of underground transport modes Stones extracted from underground quarries began to be transported using wooden carts. For a long time, that is, until the 1910s, almost all stone blocks…
